Facilitating mobile service anchor management

ABSTRACT

Mobile service anchor management (MSAM) is facilitated. MSAM is an anchor management function/system for radio frequency (RF) access configuration/reconfiguration over the downlink, and uplink separated novel frequency division duplex systems. One method comprises determining, by a MSAM system comprising a processor, that a mobile device communicatively coupled to a first network device is associated with a region in which the first network device fails to have line of sight communication with the mobile device; and assigning, by the mobile service anchor management system, the mobile device to a second network device determined to have the line of sight communication for the region. Millimeter watt (mmW) BS devices and devices that operate on other RF bands can be utilized.

RELATED APPLICATION

The subject patent application is a continuation of, and claims priorityto each of, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/918,822, filed Mar. 12,2018, and entitled “FACILITATING MOBILE SERVICE ANCHOR MANAGEMENT,”which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/878,005(now U.S. Pat. No. 9,949,185), filed Oct. 8, 2015, and entitled“FACILITATING MOBILE SERVICE ANCHOR MANAGEMENT,” the entireties of whichapplications are hereby incorporated by reference herein.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The subject disclosure relates generally to mobile communications, and,for example, to systems, apparatuses and/or methods of facilitatingmobile service anchor management in mobile communication systems.

BACKGROUND

In traditional mobile communications, the performance of mobile radioaccess can largely depend on the hardware setup through the mobiledevice design process and/or the fixed radio frequency regulations. Forexample, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules specify: thefrequency separation between uplink and downlink pass bands in afrequency division duplex pair to avoid transmitter-to-receiverinterference; frequency guard band protection between two independentradio systems to reduce mutual interference impact; the exclusion zonebetween transmitting and receiving equipment to control the potentialinterference; specially designed radio filters to reduce out-of-bandemissions with sharp band edge attenuation; and/or protocols forscenarios for turning off the radio.

Additionally, mobile communication services are fast expanding inservice content delivery and in service coverage scale. However, withsuch expansion, the wireless communication industry has a commensurateneed for spectrum. Currently, the wireless communication industry isevaluating the use of spectrum in the 600 megahertz (MHz) to 700 MHzrange. Millimeter wave (mmW) communication, which is typically 30gigahertz (GHz) to 300 GHz, where wavelengths are 10 millimeters (mm) to1 mm, is also being evaluated. However, the challenges of utilizing mmWcommunication for two-way mobile communications are numerous. Forexample, the performance of mmW communication can be degraded in shadowregions in which the mmW base station (BS) device does not haveline-of-sight communication with the mobile device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates an example schematic diagram of a system thatfacilitates mobile service anchor management (MSAM) employing a layerednetwork architecture with a BS device uplink channel, a mmW BS devicefirst downlink channel and a non-mmW BS device second downlink channelin accordance with one or more embodiments described herein.

FIG. 2 illustrates another example schematic diagram of a system thatfacilitates MSAM employing a layered network architecture with a BSdevice uplink channel, a mmW BS device first downlink channel and asecond mmW BS device second downlink channel in accordance with one ormore embodiments described herein.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example schematic diagram of another system thatfacilitates MSAM employing a layered network architecture with a non-mmWBS device first downlink channel and a mmW BS device second downlinkchannel in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example schematic diagram of another system thatfacilitates MSAM employing a layered network architecture with a firstBS device first downlink channel and an access point device seconddownlink channel in accordance with one or more embodiments describedherein.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example schematic diagram of a system thatfacilitates MSAM employing a layered network architecture in accordancewith one or more embodiments described herein.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example block diagram of a MSAM system employablein the systems of FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and/or 4 to facilitate MSAM inaccordance with one or more embodiments described herein.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example block diagram of a mobile device for whichMSAM can be provided in accordance with one or more embodimentsdescribed herein.

FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 are flowcharts of methods that facilitate MSAM inaccordance with one or more embodiments described herein.

FIG. 11 illustrates a block diagram of a computer that can be employedin accordance with one or more embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

One or more embodiments are now described with reference to thedrawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to likeelements throughout. In the following description, for purposes ofexplanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to providea thorough understanding of the various embodiments. It is evident,however, that the various embodiments can be practiced without thesespecific details (and without applying to any particular networkedenvironment or standard).

As used in this application, in some embodiments, the terms “component,”“system” and the like are intended to refer to, or comprise, acomputer-related entity or an entity related to an operational apparatuswith one or more specific functionalities, wherein the entity can beeither hardware, a combination of hardware and software, software, orsoftware in execution. As an example, a component may be, but is notlimited to being, a process running on a processor, a processor, anobject, an executable, a thread of execution, computer-executableinstructions, a program, and/or a computer. By way of illustration andnot limitation, both an application running on a server and the servercan be a component.

One or more components may reside within a process and/or thread ofexecution and a component may be localized on one computer and/ordistributed between two or more computers. In addition, these componentscan execute from various computer readable media having various datastructures stored thereon. The components may communicate via localand/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having oneor more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting withanother component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across anetwork such as the Internet with other systems via the signal). Asanother example, a component can be an apparatus with specificfunctionality provided by mechanical parts operated by electric orelectronic circuitry, which is operated by a software application orfirmware application executed by a processor, wherein the processor canbe internal or external to the apparatus and executes at least a part ofthe software or firmware application. As yet another example, acomponent can be an apparatus that provides specific functionalitythrough electronic components without mechanical parts, the electroniccomponents can comprise a processor therein to execute software orfirmware that confers at least in part the functionality of theelectronic components. While various components have been illustrated asseparate components, it will be appreciated that multiple components canbe implemented as a single component, or a single component can beimplemented as multiple components, without departing from exampleembodiments.

Further, the various embodiments can be implemented as a method,apparatus or article of manufacture using standard programming and/orengineering techniques to produce software, firmware, hardware or anycombination thereof to control a computer to implement the disclosedsubject matter. The term “article of manufacture” as used herein isintended to encompass a computer program accessible from anycomputer-readable (or machine-readable) device or computer-readable (ormachine-readable) storage/communications media. For example, computerreadable storage media can comprise, but are not limited to, magneticstorage devices (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic strips), opticaldisks (e.g., compact disk (CD), digital versatile disk (DVD)), smartcards, and flash memory devices (e.g., card, stick, key drive). Ofcourse, those skilled in the art will recognize many modifications canbe made to this configuration without departing from the scope or spiritof the various embodiments.

In addition, the words “example” and “exemplary” are used herein to meanserving as an instance or illustration. Any embodiment or designdescribed herein as “example” or “exemplary” is not necessarily to beconstrued as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments ordesigns. Rather, use of the word example or exemplary is intended topresent concepts in a concrete fashion. As used in this application, theterm “or” is intended to mean an inclusive “or” rather than an exclusive“or”. That is, unless specified otherwise or clear from context, “Xemploys A or B” is intended to mean any of the natural inclusivepermutations. That is, if X employs A; X employs B; or X employs both Aand B, then “X employs A or B” is satisfied under any of the foregoinginstances. In addition, the articles “a” and “an” as used in thisapplication and the appended claims should generally be construed tomean “one or more” unless specified otherwise or clear from context tobe directed to a singular form.

Moreover, terms such as “mobile device equipment,” “mobile station,”“mobile,” subscriber station,” “access terminal,” “terminal,” “handset,”“communication device,” “mobile device” (and/or terms representingsimilar terminology) can refer to a wireless device utilized by asubscriber or mobile device of a wireless communication service toreceive or convey data, control, voice, video, sound, gaming orsubstantially any data-stream or signaling-stream. The foregoing termsare utilized interchangeably herein and with reference to the relateddrawings. Likewise, the terms “access point (AP),” “Base Station (BS),”BS transceiver, BS device, cell site, cell site device, “Node B (NB),”“evolved Node B (eNode B),” “home Node B (HNB)” and the like, areutilized interchangeably in the application, and refer to a wirelessnetwork component or appliance that transmits and/or receives data,control, voice, video, sound, gaming or substantially any data-stream orsignaling-stream from one or more subscriber stations. Data andsignaling streams can be packetized or frame-based flows.

Furthermore, the terms “device,” “communication device,” “mobiledevice,” “subscriber,” “customer entity,” “consumer,” “customer entity,”“entity” and the like are employed interchangeably throughout, unlesscontext warrants particular distinctions among the terms. It should beappreciated that such terms can refer to human entities or automatedcomponents supported through artificial intelligence (e.g., a capacityto make inference based on complex mathematical formalisms), which canprovide simulated vision, sound recognition and so forth.

Embodiments described herein can be exploited in substantially anywireless communication technology, comprising, but not limited to,wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), global system for mobile communications(GSM), universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), worldwideinteroperability for microwave access (WiMAX), enhanced general packetradio service (enhanced GPRS), third generation partnership project(3GPP) long term evolution (LTE), third generation partnership project 2(3GPP2) ultra mobile broadband (UMB), high speed packet access (HSPA),Zigbee and other 802.XX wireless technologies and/or legacytelecommunication technologies. Further, the terms “femto” and “femtocell” are used interchangeably, and the terms “macro” and “macro cell”are used interchangeably.

In traditional mobile communications, the performance of mobile radioaccess can largely depend on the hardware setup through the mobiledevice design process and/or the fixed radio frequency regulations. Forexample, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules specify: thefrequency separation between uplink and downlink pass bands in afrequency division duplex pair to avoid transmitter-to-receiverinterference; frequency guard band protection between two independentradio systems to reduce mutual interference impact; the exclusion zonebetween transmitting and receiving equipment to control the potentialinterference; specially designed radio filters to reduce out-of-bandemissions with sharp band edge attenuation; and/or protocols forscenarios for turning off the radio.

Additionally, mobile communication services are fast expanding inservice content delivery and in service coverage scale. However, withsuch expansion, the wireless communication industry has a commensurateneed for spectrum. Currently, the wireless communication industry isevaluating the use of spectrum in the 600 megahertz (MHz) to 700 MHzrange. Millimeter wave (mmW) communication, which is typically 30gigahertz (GHz) to 300 GHz, where wavelengths are 10 millimeters (mm) to1 mm, is also being evaluated. However, the challenges of utilizing mmWcommunication for two-way mobile communications are numerous. Forexample, the performance of mmW communication can be degraded in shadowregions in which the mmW base station (BS) device does not haveline-of-sight communication with the mobile device.

In some mobile communication systems, a service provider can have morethan one RF channel over which to provide mobile services. For example,channels in the 700 MHz, 850 MHz, and 2.3 GHz frequency bands can beemployed but each RF channel is typically managed separately andindependently. There are no optimized management interchanges betweenthe different RF channels. In any particular market and at any specifictime, some of the service channels will be congested by user access orunder a strong interference impact while other channels are idle andtherefore available for user access. From a service point of view, undersuch situations, the network radio resources are wasted on the idlechannel while, in the channels that have more users, mobile deviceperformance is degraded due to interference. There are opportunities toimprove these limitations and facilitate optimized service provisioningacross two or more (or, in some cases, all) radio channels.

With current spectrum allocations, the emphasis on performance metricsis typically focused on a fixed access sharing scenario that allows alllegally permitted radio accesses to work simultaneously in a band offixed assigned frequencies. Licensed operators constantly checkperformance metrics in order to protect services from interferencecreated by spectrum allocations dictated by hardware limitations. Sincespectrum used in wireless services is a scarce resource and thisresource is presently fully allocated, there is an opportunity toimprove spectrum management that would improve the in-band interferenceenvironment. This spectrum management methodology can allow two or more(or, in some embodiments, all) services to work simultaneously in closeproximity and severely limit inter-service interference impacts. Thisopportunity calls for smart/adaptive coordination of network accesscontrol in real time operation. In order to make this coordinationrealistic and implementable, a MSAM system can employ the support of awider coordination base across multiple service bands.

MSAM is an anchor management function/device for radio frequency (RF)access configuration/reconfiguration over the downlink, and uplinkseparated novel frequency division duplex systems. Any number ofdifferent RF bands can be employed to effectuate the functionalityprovided by the MSAM system. In one example, mmW BS devices can beutilized. In other examples, other different types of BS devices can beutilized.

Embodiments described herein can raise the utilization of networkspectrum in addition to improve spectral efficiency via operations of aMSAM system. The MSAM system can perform operations in conjunction withone or more BS devices or access points and/or various network sidecomponents as described herein. One or more embodiments described hereincan also make the use of mmW communication easier and cost effective ina macrocell configuration. In mmW communication, many non-line of sightareas are randomly distributed in the macrocell coverage. Since mmWcommunication typically utilizes line of sight transceiving conditions,the distribution of non-line of sight areas within the cell can reduceuser access QoE through a conventional mobile network configuration.Smaller mmW cell coverage can lower the incidence of dropped calls butmay not remove all the non-line of sight areas and smaller mmW cellcoverage can negatively impact the mmW business case in macrocellconfigurations. One or more embodiments described herein can improveuser access QoE with inter-cell radio access switching while keepinglarger mmW macrocell coverage and reducing mobile device call drops inthese non-line of sight areas.

The proposed MSAM system can monitor network access attempts and/orperformance across various (or, in some embodiments, all) service bandscontrolled by the same operator and coordinate/arrange the access toachieve a higher network capacity by removing traffic congestion andinterference impact on any particular band or from any particular cellsite. The proposed MSAM system can thereby optimize overall networkperformance to the service provider and improve the QoE for users.

One or more embodiments described herein can include systems, methods,apparatus and/or machine readable storage media that can facilitateMSAM. These embodiments can benefit mobile radio service providers thathave more than one radio frequency (RF) band.

In some embodiments, one or more embodiments of a MSAM system describedherein can provide an efficient network access management across all(or, in some embodiments, one or more) available radio bands and/orradio access technologies through a software-based solution in additionto a particular radio access network (RAN) hardware platform. The MSAMsystem can remove the traditional segregation in radio servicemanagement defined by RF bands and also defined by radio accesstechnologies.

In some embodiments, the MSAM system can provide one or more (or, insome embodiments, all) radio resources under the control of a particularservice provider together in one larger network access pool, and/orimprove mobile device access in terms of mobile traffic distribution toavoid traffic congestion, enhance RF coverage between line of sight andnon-line of sight distributed areas in the service market, minimize RFinterference through a smart system reconfiguration, improve userthroughput and/or shorten network latency in operation on the basis ofoverall RF resources and network capabilities. Market competition canalso be enhanced by raising the quality of experience (QoE) for users.

In one or more of the embodiments described herein, the MSAM system can:enable dynamic spectrum sharing through a smart mobile device accessconfiguration; enable the mobile service expansion from licensedaccesses to the unlicensed spectrum for session continuity; improvemobile user access performance and/or QoE in terms of optimized radioaccess, relaxed network congestion, and/or minimized RF interference;and/or enable acceleration of this dynamic flow and can help serviceproviders to reduce the user delay.

Network coordination, which can be provided in one or more embodiments,via a MSAM system, can improve operations of heterogeneous, small cellbase station offloading and/or facilitate session continuity in mobilestreaming services. Further, one or more embodiments can provide lowercost network architectures relative to traditional networks since themmW BS device downlink channel can provide downlink transmission over alarger area (relative to the downlink channel coverage area of macrocell BS device downlink channels, for example).

Although mmW is typical defined at 30 GHz to 300 GHz where wavelengthsare 10 mm to 1 mm, it is noted that mmW frequencies described hereinalso include and/or envisage coverage of the microwave region offrequencies. The microwave region is defined as 1 GHz to 100 GHz.Communication over all such frequencies can be facilitated employing oneor more of the embodiments described herein.

One or more embodiments described herein can facilitate mobile devicecommunications. In some embodiments, a method is provided. The methodcomprises determining, by a MSAM system comprising a processor, that amobile device communicatively coupled to a first network device isassociated with a region in which the first network device fails to haveline of sight communication with the mobile device. The method alsocomprises assigning, by the mobile service anchor management system, themobile device to a second network device determined to have the line ofsight communication for the region, wherein the first network devicecomprises a millimeter wave base station device employing millimeterwave transmissions.

In some embodiments, a system is provided. The system comprises: aprocessor; and a memory that stores executable instructions that, whenexecuted by the processor, facilitate performance of operations. Theoperations comprise determining that a mobile device communicativelycoupled to a first network device of a network is located within aregion from which a second network device is configured to have line ofsight communication with the mobile device over a downlink channel. Theoperations can also comprise assigning the mobile device to the secondnetwork device, wherein a transfer of the mobile device is performedfrom being communicatively coupled to the first network device to beingcommunicatively coupled to the second network device based on thedetermining.

In some embodiments, a machine-readable storage medium is provided. Themachine-readable storage medium can comprise executable instructionsthat, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance ofoperations. The operations can comprise: determining that a mobiledevice communicatively coupled to a first network device of a firstnetwork is projected to enter a coverage area of a second network deviceof a second network, wherein the second network device is an accesspoint device, and wherein the first network is a first type of networkthat is different from a second type of the second network. Theoperations can also comprise assigning the mobile device to the secondnetwork device.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example schematic diagram of a system thatfacilitates MSAM employing a layered network architecture with a BSdevice uplink channel, a mmW BS device first downlink channel and anon-mmW BS device second downlink channel in accordance with one or moreembodiments described herein.

System 100 includes one or more mmW BS devices (e.g., mmW BS devices104, 124), one or more macro cell BS devices (e.g., macro cell BSdevices 102, 112, 134, 125), at least one MSAM system (e.g., MSAM system128) and/or one or more mobile devices (e.g., mobile device 116). Invarious embodiments, one or more of the mmW BS devices 104, 124, macrocell BS devices 102, 112, 134, 125, MSAM system 128 and/or mobile device116 can be electrically and/or communicatively coupled to one another toperform one or more functions of the system 100. While the MSAM system128 is shown as a separate component from the macro cell BS devices 102,112, 134, 125 and as a separate component from the mmW BS devices 104,124, of system 100, in some embodiments, the MSAM system 128 can beincluded as part of, or electrically or communicatively coupled to, oneor more of the macro cell BS devices and/or one or more of the mmW BSdevices.

System 100 can improve the utilization of the mmW spectrum throughnetwork coordination and thereby enhance provisioning of mobileservices. The service architecture of system 100 follows the state ofart in radio technology but targets the coordination of service deliveryover an entire licensed spectrum of a service provider. In otherembodiments, described with reference to system 400 and FIG. 4,coordination for service delivery incorporating unlicensed radiofrequency bands will also be discussed and are envisaged herein.

In the network architecture shown in system 100, the services and thenetwork in individual licensed RF bands need not be independent of eachother but, rather, can be coordinated in order to optimize or improvethe overall mobile radio service delivery. This proposed networkarchitecture can be described as a harmonized model (in someembodiments, with the MSAM system 128 being a macro cellular systemcomponent) implemented as a service anchor that initiates mobile accessand manages the service traffic flows among the anchor subnet access,small cell BS device offloading, and super mmW BS device subnet access.The small cell BS offloading subsystem can employ either the same RFspectrum as the macro cellular subsystem or unlicensed spectrum. One ormore embodiments of the system 100 can focus on an mmW BS device supercell site area of service and infrastructure to make its cell coveragewider than the present indoor systems and as wide as or greater than themacro cell BS device cell site of service while still providing supportfor the mobile device uplink control.

System 100 of FIG. 1 shows a network architecture that can provide orfacilitate service coverage of harmonized radio networks with a3-layered mobile service delivery using a macro cell BS device for theuplink channel. System 100 includes a network having multiple differenttypes of BS devices providing different cell site areas of coverage, atleast one mobile device and a MSAM system that can assign resources formobile device services provisioning employing use of downlink and/oruplink channels facilitated via the one or more BS devices. Theembodiment shown is one example of a configuration of BS devices andcell site areas of services. In other embodiments, any number ofdifferent arrangements or number or types of BS devices and/or cell sitearrangement to one another can be provided and are envisaged. The cellsite areas of service and BS devices can provide a network architecturethat has multiple layers for various different permutations of downlinkchannel and/or uplink channel communication options thereby improvingservice provisioning to the mobile device and more efficiently utilizingnetwork resources.

Each of the BS devices of the network shown in system 100 is associatedwith a different cell site area of service. In the embodiment shown, thesystem 100 includes mmW BS devices 104, 124, which are associated withcell site areas of service 110, 122; and macro cell BS devices 102, 112,134, 125, which are associated with cell site areas of service 108, 114,115, 117. In some embodiments, the system 100 is also associated withsmall cell BS devices (e.g., small cell BS device 106), which isassociated with a small cell site area of service 132.

As shown, the different cell site areas of service range in size and,for example, for BS devices transmitting at a high (or higher) powerlevel, the cell site area of service can be larger than the cell sitearea of service for a BS transmitting at a low (or lower) power level.In some embodiments, higher equivalent/effective isotropically radiatedpower (EIRP) BS transmission on the downlink channel can be performed atthe mmW BS device (e.g., mmW BS device 104) to exceed the typical cellsite area (or radius) of service given the inter cell-site distance soas to result in a super cell site area of service. In the embodimentshown, cell site areas of service 110, 122 are larger than cell siteareas of service 108, 114, 115, 117 because the power level associatedwith the downlink channel from the mmW BS devices 104, 124 is greaterthan the power level associated with the uplink channel from the mobiledevice 116 to the macro cell BS device (e.g., macro cell BS device 112).This design and/or architecture can address and/or minimize the effectof the limitations of outdoor use typically associated with mmW BSdevice communication.

In some embodiments, each of mmW BS devices 104, 124, macro cell BSdevices 102, 112, 125, 134 and/or small cell BS devices (e.g., smallcell BS device 106) can be configured to provide downlink channelcommunication. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, mmW BS device 104 can beconfigured to provide communication to mobile device 116 via thedownlink channel 118. Because the mmW BS device 104 can use higher powerfor transmissions than the mobile device 116, the downlink channel 118(which is provided by the mmW BS device 104) has greater power than theuplink channel 120 from the mobile device 116 to the macro cell BSdevice 134. Accordingly, the radius or area of the cell site area 110for the mmW BS device 104 is greater than the cell site area 117 for themacro cell BS device 134. As shown, the system 100 includes a layeredarchitecture of numerous different overlapping cell site areasassociated with different levels of BS devices (e.g., mmW BS devices,macro cell BS devices and/or small cell BS devices). In one or moreembodiments, the frequency band of the downlink channel (e.g., downlinkchannel 118) can be distinct from the frequency band of the uplinkchannel (e.g., uplink channel 120) and can be facilitated via FDDcommunications.

The MSAM is for the DL in these embodiments, and the UL is separated aspart of a scheme for novel FDD operations. This approach can benefit mmWDL operation and make RF resource management more flexible. During theDL RF access reassignment, in some embodiments, the UL connection canremain the same for the original UE access to the local BS device.

The mobile device 116 can be configured to receive and/or transmitinformation on different frequency bands, including, but not limited to,mmW BS device communication frequency bands. For example, mobile device116 can be a multi-RF-band mobile device. With wider area mmW BS deviceservice delivery, traffic flow between mmW BS devices and multi-RF-bandmobile devices can be separated into downlink channel delivery anduplink channel control. The downlink channel delivery can be providedvia one mmW RF band network and the uplink channel delivery can beprovided via a second RF band network. Accordingly, in some embodiments,the MSAM system 128 can support FDD operation in which the downlinkchannel and the uplink channel for a mobile device are on separatefrequency bands.

In some embodiments, the mmW BS device 104 delivers the mobile downlinkcontents only (shown as downlink channel 118 in FIG. 1, for example).The uplink channel control for the mobile device 116 utilizes the uplinkchannel spectrum of the nearby small cell BS device or the macro cell BSdevice 134 (shown as uplink channel 120 in FIG. 1). The mmW BS device104 downlink channel 118 coverage can be line-of-sight in some cases,depending on the location of the mobile device 116 and the location ofany structures within the cell site 110. In some embodiments, thedownlink channel 118 can be adapted to different power levels within atransmit power range. In some embodiments, the MSAM system 128 candetermine the transmit power range and/or transmit power level based ondifferent criteria, including, but not limited to, the location of themobile device 116 relative to the location of the mmW BS device 104.

In some embodiments, the downlink channel 118 for the mmW BS device 104can be OFDMA-based so that the downlink channel 118 matches the currentLTE downlink channel configuration. Based on the OFDMA configuration,the coverage of the mmW BS device 104 cell site area of service can beomnidirectionally delivered to provide mobile broadcast or multicaststreaming services. The configuration can be dynamic in nature,depending on market demands, and therefore can change from time to time.

In some embodiments, the coverage of the mmW BS device 104 cell site 110area of service coverage can be directionally based on OFDMA beamformingand thus can be configured to adjust to point to or targetcommunications at any mobile device to provide special access for aninstantaneous high rate data delivery. Downloading a large file to amobile device instantly is one example. This special spot delivery canbe coordinated by the MSAM system 128.

The MSAM system 128 can evaluate different factors and generateinformation indicative of one or more transmission parameters (e.g.,type of BS device, identity of BS device, frequency band for downlinkchannel, frequency band for uplink channel, power level for downlinkchannel, power level for uplink channel) for a type of access to thenetwork device by the mobile device 116. By way of example, but notlimitation, the MSAM system 128 can evaluate three layers ofarchitecture and coordinate resources across such layers so that theoverall network capacity can be improved and/or maximized and servicedelivery can therefore be improved and/or optimized. In variousembodiments, the MSAM system 128 can be configured to evaluate one ormore aspects of the topography of the location of the mobile device 116,the location of the mobile device 116, whether there is line of sightbetween the mmW BS device and the mobile device 116, availability ofparticular BS devices and/or cell site areas of service (e.g., trafficloading, interference levels, capacity, etc.) and/or any number of otherconsiderations. The MSAM system 128 can generate and/or transmitinformation indicative of one or more resource assignments (e.g., BSdevice, uplink or downlink channel assignment, frequency bandassignment) enabling use of the mmW BS device communication or other BSdevice communication or access point device communication to coveroutdoor environment scenarios.

In some embodiments, the MSAM system 128 can have a two-part inquiry.First, the MSAM system 128 can determine whether there is line of sightbetween the mmW BS device and the mobile device 116. If the MSAM system128 determines there is line of sight between the mmW BS device and themobile device 116, in the second inquiry, the MSAM system 128 candetermine whether there are resources available from the mmW BS that hasline of sight with the mobile device 116. If that particular mmW BS hasresources available, the MSAM system 128 can schedule the downlinkcommunication to commence (or, in some cases, continue) between the mmWBS and the mobile device 116. If line of sight does not exist for aparticular mmW BS device, the MSAM system can determine whether thereare any local BS devices (e.g., small cell devices or macro celldevices) for which resources are available for a downlink channel orwhether there are any other mmW BS devices that have line of sight withthe mobile device for which resources are available for a downlinkchannel.

For the embodiments described herein, the MSAM system 128 can evaluateone or more (or all) possible solutions and/or combinations of resourceassignments that can be managed within the system 100. The MSAM system128 can coordinate the various resources across different types of BSdevices and/or for different frequencies available. The MSAM system 128can increase the likelihood of better coverage and efficient utilizationof frequency because the MSAM system 128 can serve as a centralizedcontroller. In these embodiments, the MSAM system 128 can facilitate asystem that has separate uplink and downlink but novel frequencydivision duplex (FDD) channels and/or coordination among differentfrequency bands and/or different devices. The separate uplink anddownlink FDD communication described in one or more embodiments hereincan include: uplink and downlink FDD access that does not need to bebalanced in power and/or in RF reach (and therefore the power and/or theRF reach for the uplink and downlink can differ from one another and/orfrom time to time); downlink and uplink FDD pairs that are not assignedin a fixed pattern (and therefore the downlink and uplink FDD pair canchange from time to time) and/or can be dynamically assigned; and theFDD can provide flexibility to the mobile communications and/or improvemobile service delivery. Data to and/or from a mobile device can beoffloaded to a small cell BS device and/or focused high rate deliverycase can be provided to a mobile device from an mmW BS device.

One or more of the embodiments described herein can address a challengeinherent in mmW coverage because mmW coverage is primarily line ofsight. As such, after a mmW signal collides with a structure in theenvironment (e.g., building, tree), a shadow region (e.g., dead spot) atwhich downlink communication from the mmW BS device is diminished and/oreliminated, will form on the opposing side of the structure.

An example shadow region 136 is shown in FIG. 1 based on the building123. In a large coverage area with many structures, numerous shadowregions can result. The shadow regions can be relative to the locationof the particular mmW BS device relative to the location of thestructure. For example, a shadow region caused by non-line of sight forone mmW BS device (e.g., mmW BS device 104) can be a non-shadow regionfor another mmW BS device (e.g., mmW BS device 124) located in adifferent location.

Thus, in some embodiments, the MSAM system 128 can do a sweep of thecell sites and determine geographical regions within a cell site atwhich the mmW BS device for the cell site will have a shadow region(e.g., dead spot, dead zone) and determine the alternative BS devicesthat can provide an alternative downlink channel while the mobile device116 is in the shadow region (e.g., shadow region 136). Thus, the MSAMsystem 128 can have a table or other listing of information that isstored in the MSAM system 128 and/or accessible by the MSAM system 128over a network that indicates, for one or more regions within a cellsite, the mmW BS devices that have a shadow region and the other BSdevices that can be considered for providing downlink channelcommunication in the region that is a shadow region for the particularmmW BS device. The information indicative of the locations of the shadowregions can be updated from time to time as the topography of structureschanges (e.g., cut down trees to make subdivision) and/or can bedetermined on the fly as signals start to fade).

The information can be known in advance by the MSAM system 128 in someembodiments, and can be updated from time to time. In some embodiments,the information regarding the locations of the shadow regions forparticular mmW BS devices can be determined dynamically in whole or inpart, as the MSAM system 128 determines that new structures have beenconstructed or demolished in various regions of the cell site and/orbased on determining a current and/or past history of mmW BS devicedownlink channel signal degradation at a defined location or within adefined region in the cell site.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, at time 1, the MSAM system 128determines that the mmW BS device 104 has line of sight with the mobiledevice 116 and assigns the mmW BS device 104 to provide downlink channel118 for communicating with the mobile device 116 over the downlink. Theuplink channel 120 can be assigned by the MSAM system 128 to be providedby any number of different BS devices (e.g., macro cell BS device 134 asshown in FIG. 1) and is determined as a separate process by the MSAMsystem. The downlink channel 118 and the uplink channel 120 can be onseparate frequency bands in some embodiments.

At time 2, the mobile device 116 moves from one location within cellsite 110 to another location within cell site 110. The MSAM system 128can determine whether line of sight between the mmW BS device (e.g., mmWBS device 104) and the mobile device 116 exists at the new location.

If line of sight is not present and/or line of sight communication hasdegraded to below a defined level, the MSAM system 128 can assign alocal BS device (e.g., a BS device within a defined distance of themobile device 116 and/or having coverage covering the area in which themobile device 116 is located) to provide the downlink channel for themobile device so that service is not interrupted for the mobile device.In the embodiment shown, the MSAM system 128 can assign the macro cellBS device 112 to provide the downlink channel 137 between the macro cellBS device 112 and the mobile device 116.

In various embodiments, shadow regions (e.g., shadow region 136) existbased on the presence of buildings, trees and/or the topographygenerally in an area. A shadow region 136 can be a region in which themobile device 116 is blocked from having line of sight with the mmW BSdevice associated with the cell site in which the mobile device 116 islocated. Based on a determination by the MSAM system 128 that the mobiledevice 116 is within the shadow region 136 or projected to enter theshadow region, the MSAM system 128 can assign a different BS device toprovide the downlink channel. In various embodiments, the newly-assignedBS device can provide the downlink channel to the mobile device 116prior to and/or during entry of the mobile device 116 into the shadowregion. In some embodiments, the MSAM system 128 can determine that themobile device 116 is projected to enter, or has a defined likelihood ofentering, a shadow region based on any of a number of factors including,but not limited to, based on an extrapolation from the currenttrajectory of movement of the mobile device 116, based on previousmovement trajectories of the mobile device 116, based on the trajectoryof a road or highway along which the mobile device 116 is traveling orthe like.

In some embodiments, the MSAM system 128 can determine that the mobiledevice 116 is in the shadow region 136 based on any number of factors.For example, shadow regions such as shadow region 136 can be mapped andknown in advance of traversal of the mobile device 116 across the cellsite 110. As another example, the presence of a shadow region 136 can bedetermined or estimated to be located at any location within the cellsite 110 at which the mmW BS device 104 does not have line of sight withthe mobile device 116. As another example, a shadow region 136 can bedetermined or estimated based on previous loss of calls to the mobiledevice in the region or the like.

At time 2, the MSAM system 128 determines that the mobile device 116 isin a shadow region 136 or projected to enter a shadow region (e.g.,projected to enter a shadow region within a defined range of time (e.g.,within the next 30 seconds). For example, the MSAM system 128 canestimate time of arrival in the shadow region 136 based on past time ofarrival in the shadow region 136 for the mobile device 116, based on thespeed of movement of the mobile device 116 or the like. The MSAM system128 can assign another BS device to the mobile device 116 to provide thedownlink channel to the mobile device 116. For example, macro cell BSdevice 112 can be assigned to the mobile device 116 to provide thedownlink channel 133 if the mmW BS device 124 fails to have (or isprojected or estimated to fail to have in the near future) line of sightwith the mobile device 116.

At time 3, the mobile device 116 can be in a region of the cell site 110that is not shadow region 136. For example, the mobile device 116 can bein non-shadow region 140 for mmW BS device 104. Upon determining thatthe mobile device 116 has moved to non-shadow region 140, MSAM system128 can re-assign the mmW BS device 104 to provide the downlink channel119 to the mobile device 116. Thus, the mobile device receives thebenefit of mmW BS device downlink communication when possible while alsoreceiving the benefit of seamless switching to another BS device toreduce the likelihood or prevent the occurrence of dropped calls,diminished QoE or the like.

If the mobile device 116 is in the region where the mmW BS device 104has line of sight with the mobile device 116, then, at time 3, the MSAMsystem 128 can avoid re-assignment of the mobile device 116 to adifferent BS device and the mmW BS device 104 can remain assigned forthe downlink channel (as shown at downlink channel 119). Due to thedynamic nature of the assignment, the MSAM system 128 is configured withintelligence to efficiently assign the downlink channel to the localavailable downlink channel in time to keep the user session for themobile device 116 continuous. The local available downlink channel canbe the BS device that provides coverage for the local area in which themobile device is located (e.g., macro cell BS device 112 in the scenarioshown in FIG. 1 at time 2). As such, as described with reference to FIG.1, the MSAM system 128 can assign the mobile device 116 downlinkcoverage between the mmW BS device 104 and the local BS device 112. TheMSAM system 128 can store information regarding the user session so theMSAM system 128 can retrieve information that indicates that the mobiledevice 116 was previously assigned to the mmW BS device 104, the MSAMsystem 128 knows that the mobile device 116 is currently assigned to alocal BS (e.g., macro cell BS device 112) and the MSAM system 128therefore knows to re-assign the mobile device 116 back to the mmW BSdevice 104 after the mobile device 116 moves out of the shadow region136 into the mmW BS device 104 non-shadow region 140.

In this embodiment, the system 100 provides maximum flexibility forassignment of resources. As shown, the MSAM system 128 can assign themacro cell BS device 134 to facilitate uplink channel connectivity fromthe mobile device 116. Accordingly, in various embodiments, the BSdevice that is providing an uplink connection with the mobile device 116can be a macro cell BS device (e.g., macro cell BS device 134 overuplink channel 120). The MSAM system 128 can flexibly assign downlinkresources to one or more different BS devices based on whether themobile device 116 is in a shadow region for a particular mmW BS devicein which the mmW BS device does not have line of sight with the mobiledevice. Generally, the MSAM system 128 can prioritize the mmW BS devicefor downlink communication and assign a different type of BS device(e.g., macro cell BS device or small cell BS device) or another mmW BSdevice in the cases and/or during the time period in which the mmW BSdevice fails to have line of sight communication with the mobile device116.

As such, the MSAM system 128 can serve as a manager/network coordinatorthat assigns resources to address and/or avoid and/or reduce likelihoodof encountering the drawbacks of the mmW BS device limitations. The MSAMsystem 128 can manage the network such that when the mobile device 116initiates and/or starts a communication session, the MSAM system 128tracks the location of the mobile device 116 and can assign (over time)one or more different BS devices and/or radio frequencies to the mobiledevice 116 connection as the mobile device 116 moves from one locationto another location. As such, the MSAM system 128 can dynamically assessthe location of the mobile device 116 and assign a mobile device 116 adifferent frequency and/or a different cell from time to time as themobile device 116 moves about from location to location while enablingthe communication session to still continue (and/or continue in lieu ofconditions in which the communication session would have beendisconnected had the MSAM system 128 not assigned to new resources tothe mobile device 116 such as in regions in which the mmW BS device(e.g., mmW BS device 104) fails to have line of sight with the mobiledevice 116).

As shown and described in FIG. 1, by way of example, but not limitation,in the mmW coverage scenario, when an mmW initiated mobile device accessis moving into a non-line of sight area so that the mmW downlinkcoverage quality is challenged and mmW downlink connection might beforced to drop, the MSAM system 128 can evaluate one or more (or, insome embodiments, all) available local BS devices that can provide acoverage area that includes this specific mobile device, andassign/handoff the mobile device 116 to another BS device in a sessioncontinuous fashion. This assigned BS device can support sessioncontinued mobile device access under a different RF band or even operateunder a different radio technology. In this case, the mobile device 116can continue the user service session without the service evincing anyaccess change while potentially maintaining a high speed access rate andQoE.

In some embodiments, MSAM can enhance network operation through a newlyopened dimension of efficient access management that parallels theefforts of enhanced radio access technology with higher spectralefficiency such as higher quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), higherlevel of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) operation, and/oradvanced Coordinated Multipoint Transmission and Reception (CoMP) andEnhanced Inter-cell Interference Coordination (eICIC). Compared to thesespectral efficiency solutions leading to network complication andraising network cost, the MSAM system can improve mobile radio networkoperation via the IP network management domain. This results fromfundamental changes across current network managements in radio networkresources, RAN access technologies, radio network operations, and/ormobile device access.

Spectrum utilization and/or network operation can be improved by makingmmW frequency bands available to mobile streaming services in wider areacoverage and/or by addressing special device demands for aninstantaneous high rate delivery of information. Beyond the wide areacoverage in outdoor environments, the mmW bands can also be used inindoor high speed communications. In various embodiments, an mmW BSdevice can also be assigned to provide communication for indoor and/orsmall cell areas, and frequency reuse can be employed.

FIG. 2 illustrates another example schematic diagram of a system thatfacilitates MSAM employing a layered network architecture with a BSdevice uplink channel, a mmW BS device first downlink channel and asecond mmW BS device second downlink channel in accordance with one ormore embodiments described herein. Repetitive description of likeelements employed in other embodiments described herein is omitted forsake of brevity.

In the embodiment shown, the MSAM system 128 can assign a first downlinkchannel 118 from one mmW BS device (e.g., mmW BS device 104) to anotherdownlink channel 206 associated with a different mmW BS device (e.g.,mmW BS device 124) when the mobile device 116 is in a second shadowregion 202 of the mmW BS device 104) and also in the overlap region 144between cell sites 110 and 122 such that mmW BS device 124 can stillprovide downlink communication (e.g., via downlink channel 206). In thisembodiment, the mobile device 116 is in a region that is in a shadowregion 202 for the mmW BS device 104 but is in non-shadow region 142relative to the mmW BS device 124. Accordingly, the shadow regions in anetwork are relative to the particular mmW BS device location.

FIG. 2 shows two scenarios of assignments as the mobile device 116 movesfrom one region to another region within cell sites 110, 122. Forexample, in the first scenario, at time 1, the MSAM system 128 canassign the mmW BS device 104 to the mobile device 116 for downlinkchannel communication over downlink channel 118. In one scenario, themobile device 116 moves to shadow region 136 at time 2 and the MSAMsystem 128 assigns local BS device 112 to the mobile device 116 fordownlink channel communication over downlink channel 134 since themobile device 116 is only within cell site 110 as opposed to the overlapregion 144 between cell site 110 and cell site 122 (thus, mmW BS device124 cannot provide downlink channel 206 communication with the mobiledevice 116).

In another scenario, the mobile device 116 moves to shadow region 202 attime 2 and the MSAM system 128 assigns mmW BS device 124 to the mobiledevice 116 for downlink channel communication over downlink channel 206(since the mobile device is in the overlap region 144 for mmW BS devices104, 124). In these embodiments, the MSAM system 128 can assign thedownlink channel from one mmW BS device to another mmW BS device sincethe cell sites 110, 122 created by mmW BS device 104, 124 overlap (e.g.,overlap region 144). In these embodiments, the mobile device 116 canmove to a new line of sight coverage area associated with another mmW BSdevice (e.g., mmW BS device 124). As such, in some embodiments, theshadow region for one mmW BS device can be a non-shadow region foranother mmW BS device. For example, the MSAM system 128 can transfer theassignment from mmW BS device 104 to mmW BS device 124 since the mobiledevice 116 is in a shadow region (e.g., second shadow region 202) causedby the structure 204. Due to the location of mmW BS device 104, thelocation of the structure 204 and the location of the mobile device 116,shadow region 202 is a region in which mmW BS device 104 fails to haveline of sight with the mobile device 116; however, the location of mmWBS device 124 and the location of the mobile device 116 allows the mmWBS device 124 to have line of sight with the mobile device 116.Accordingly, the MSAM system 128 assigns the downlink channel 118 frommmW BS device 104 to downlink channel 206 b from mmW BS device 124.

The MSAM system 128 can include one or more (or, in some embodiments,all) radio resource bands from a specific service provider in a bigresource pool under the control of the MSAM system 128. The MSAM system128 implementation then goes across the traditional radio frequencypairing (uplink/downlink) specified by the RF allocations or bydifferent radio transmit/receiving protocols. The MSAM system 128 cantrack one or more (or, in some embodiments, all) active user sessionswithin its service coverage regardless of which RF bands are being usedor which radio access technologies are employed. Once the mobile deviceaccess is limited by the network coverage in a shadow region or bypotential interference, the MSAM system 128 can coordinate the mobiledevice access switching to an optimized and/or available local access BSdevice but anchor the session information. In this way, the user sessionwill not be interrupted but the access challenges to the mobile device116 can be reduced or resolved, and user QoE can typically be maintainedor even improved. In some embodiments, as part of the coordination, theMSAM system 128 can collect access radio information in the IP domain,process the access radio information in the IP domain, and/orassign/handoff the new mobile device radio access in the RF domain.

The MSAM system 128 can be or include hardware, software and/or acombination of hardware and software. In some embodiments, the MSAMsystem 128 can be a software-centric functional device deployed on thenetwork side that can cover many cell sites and unlicensed wirelessaccess points in a large geographical area. These functional boxes canbe internet protocol (IP) inter-connected for information exchanges tomanage mobile radio sessions.

The MSAM system 128 can monitor all (or, in some embodiments, multiple)user access sessions within the coverage scope of the MSAM system 128and/or track the access environment, access challenges, and/or accessimprovement options and solutions of the mobile devices in the network.

Accordingly, in some embodiments, a first mmW BS device 104 may not haveline of sight with the mobile device 116 as the mobile device 116 mightbe located in a shadow region for the mmW BS device 104 while anothermmW BS device (e.g., mmW BS device 124) may have line of sight with themobile device 116 since the shadow region location is dictated by thelocation of the mmW BS device 104 and the building (e.g., building 123)or other structure (e.g., tree) causing the shadow region 136. The otherBS device to which the MSAM system 128 assigns a second downlink channel134 can be a macro cell BS device 112 as shown in FIG. 1. In someembodiments, to maintain the same level of downlink capacity, the otherBS device to which the MSAM system 128 assigns a second downlink channelcan be another mmW BS device (e.g., mmW BS device 124) that has line ofsight with the mobile device 116.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example schematic diagram of another system thatfacilitates MSAM employing a layered network architecture with a non-mmWBS device first downlink channel and a mmW BS device second downlinkchannel in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein.Repetitive description of like elements employed in other embodimentsdescribed herein is omitted for sake of brevity.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the mobile device 116 is connected toa BS device 112 providing downlink channel 134 at time 1. The mobiledevice 116 can power up or otherwise start on this downlink channel 134for example. The downlink channel 134 can be on any number of differentfrequencies. For example, in one embodiment, the downlink channel 134 ison the UHF band of 600 MHz.

At time 2, the mobile device 116 can move into a region of cell site 110at which the mmW BS device 104 has line of sight with the mobile device116. As such, the MSAM system 128 can determine that the mobile device116 has moved into a region that is a mmW BS device 104 line of sightarea and that mmW BS device 104 has access capacity available.Accordingly, the MSAM system 128 can assign the mobile device 116downlink channel 134 from 600 MHz to downlink channel 118 based onassigning the mmW BS device 104 to provide a downlink channel to themobile device 118. The MSAM system 128 can perform such assignment in asession continuous fashion. For example, the MSAM system 128 can releasethe UHF band spectrum (which will also support more mobile deviceaccesses on the UHF band) and enhance the mobile device 116 accessperformance under the mmW BS device 104 line of sight condition. Whilethe UHF band is provided, such is a mere example, and any number ofdifferent frequency bands can be utilized by the mobile device 116 priorto assigning the mobile device 116 to the mmW BS device 104.

In some embodiments, a UHF band initiated mobile device 116 downlinkchannel can be assigned to an mmW BS device 104 having line of sightwith the mobile device 116 to offload the UHF traffic load and/or torelax the potential of UHF interference challenges. For example, theMSAM system 128 can monitor the UHF band and/or otherwise receiveinformation or make determinations indicating that the interferencelevel of the UHF band satisfies a particular condition (or is projectedto satisfy a particular based on current or past information,measurements or the like). For example, the condition can be a definedamount of interference and/or a defined signal-to-noise ratio for thedownlink channel on the UHF band. The MSAM system 128 can then assign amobile device in a line of sight region of a mmW BS device cell site tothe mmW BS device to reduce the interference or likelihood of futureinterference on the UHF band. While the UHF band is provided, such is amere example, and any number of different frequency bands can be appliedin this context for reduction of interference challenges.

As another example, the MSAM system 128 can monitor the UHF band and/orotherwise receive information or make determinations indicating that thetraffic level and/or bandwidth utilized of the UHF band satisfies aparticular condition (or is projected to satisfy a particular based oncurrent or past or historical information, measurements or the like).The MSAM system 128 can then assign a mobile device in a line of sightregion of a mmW BS device cell site to the mmW BS device to reduce thetraffic level or bandwidth utilized or likelihood of futureinterference. While the UHF band is provided, such is a mere example,and any number of different frequency bands can be applied in thiscontext for reduction of traffic and/or bandwidth.

In these embodiments, the mobile device 116 starts a session on the UHFband on the downlink channel. But in order to fully utilize the mmW BSdevice 104 coverage, once the mobile device 116 moves into a line ofsight area of the mmW BS device 104 coverage, the downlink channel 118can then be assigned to the mmW BS device 104. Accordingly, thisembodiment can relax the UHF interference by assigning the downlinkchannel over to mmW BS device 104.

In one embodiment (not shown), multiple mobile devices can communicateconcurrently over a shared spectrum. When multiple (or, in someembodiments, all) legally permitted radio operations in shared spectrumare operating in all (or, in some embodiments, one or more) bands in adefined vicinity, a complicated RF interference scenario can result. TheMSAM system 128 can determine that the RF interference for the bandssatisfies a defined condition (e.g., the RF interference for one or morebands is greater than or equal to a defined value). The MSAM system 128can then assign one or more mobile devices to an alternative BS deviceoperating in a different RF band. The cell site can be operated by themmW BS device or another type of BS device altogether. For example, withreference to FIG. 3, in some embodiments, the MSAM system 128 can assignone or more mobile devices to BS device 112. By doing so, in someembodiments, the interference challenges from spectrum sharing can bereduced or eliminated. Accordingly, the MSAM system 128 can be asolution to support dynamic spectrum sharing.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example schematic diagram of another system thatfacilitates MSAM employing a layered network architecture with a firstBS device first downlink channel and an access point device seconddownlink channel in accordance with one or more embodiments describedherein. Repetitive description of like elements employed in otherembodiments described herein is omitted for sake of brevity.

As shown in FIG. 4, in some embodiments, a small cell BS device (e.g.,small cell BS device 106) can be employed by the MSAM system 128 tofurther provision downlink channel communication. In some embodiments,the small cell BS device can be a device that communicates over anunlicensed RF band. The access point device can be an access pointdevice configured to communicate according to any number of differentprotocols including, but not limited to, the Wi-Fi communicationprotocol.

The mobile device 116 can move into cell site 132 associated with asmall cell access point device (e.g., small cell BS device 106). In oneembodiment, the MSAM system 128 can assign the downlink communicationover two BS devices to the mobile device 116. For example, the firstportion of the downlink communication can be a downlink channel 118 fromthe mmW BS device 104 that transmits information from the mmW BS device104 to the small cell BS device 106. The second portion of the downlinkcommunication can be from the small cell BS device 106 to the mobiledevice 116 over downlink channel 402. In some embodiments, the accesspoint device 402 is secured and only certain mobile devices have accessto the access point device 402 so that QoE can be guaranteed and/or thelikelihood of meeting QoE can be improved.

In another embodiment, the mobile device 116 need not be connected tothe mmW BS device 104 prior to communicating via the downlink channel402 via the small cell BS device 106. For example, the mobile device 116can be connected to any number of other BS devices or any number ofother types of BS devices (e.g., BS device 112) prior to connection tothe small cell BS device 106.

Accordingly, the mobile streaming session for the mobile device 116 canbe continued via streaming content delivery carried over aqualified/secured access. The mobile network can benefit from thetraffic offloading to an unlicensed network. The MSAM system 128 canrealize the licensed service expansion over the unlicensed network andalso be able to maintain the user QoE at a high or satisfactory level.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example schematic diagram of a system thatfacilitates MSAM employing a layered network architecture in accordancewith one or more embodiments described herein. Repetitive description oflike elements employed in other embodiments described herein is omittedfor sake of brevity.

System 500 can be configured to provide intelligent MSAM. The system 500can include mobile device 116, MSAM system 128, radio access network(RAN) device 502, communication system 504, packet data network (PDN)gateway 510 and/or internet 512. The communication system 504 caninclude the mobility management entity (MME) device 506 and a servinggateway 508. In various embodiments, one or more of the mobile device116, MSAM system 128, radio access network (RAN) device 502,communication system 504, packet data network (PDN) gateway 510 and/orinternet 512 can be electrically and/or communicatively coupled to oneanother to perform one or more functions of system 500.

In various embodiments, the MSAM system 128 can be or include software,hardware and/or a combination of software and hardware that can addressvarious radio interference, and/or traffic issues while providingreliable two-way communication that can utilize mmW BS devices.

Accordingly, the MSAM system 128 works as a service anchor point toassign the mobile device 116 to an available local BS device (e.g.,local Long Term Evolution (LTE) BS device) to provide mobile devicedownlink channel access in a session continued fashion. As analternative to, or in addition to, the conventional FDD assignments, theMSAM system 128 can assign dynamic FDD pairing that can increase thenetwork data capacity through intelligent radio resource managementoperations of the MSAM system 128. Beyond the conventional FDD, the MSAMsystem 128 can support separate downlink/uplink FDD operation. In someembodiments, the MSAM system can operate in conjunction with radioplatform and IP-session support systems.

The MSAM system 128 can utilize various different RF resourcesincluding, but not limited to, mmW BS devices, macro cell BS devices andunlicensed small cell BS devices. In some embodiments, with reference toFIG. 5 at 514, conventional assignment can be via fixed FDD pairing oneither a first frequency (F1) or on a second frequency (F2) pair. In theembodiments shown and described herein, as shown at 516 of FIG. 5, theMSAM system 128 FDD pairing can include: capability of pairing anfrequency F1 uplink channel (an uplink channel on a first frequencyband) with an F2 downlink channel (a downlink channel on a secondfrequency band) and/or F1 downlink with F2 uplink; and dynamic FDDpairing increases network capacity to handle RF interference and improveaccess QoE.

In the embodiment shown, the MSAM system 128 can provide anchor supportthat is separate from downlink and uplink operation. In someembodiments, the downlink and uplink are assigned to a specific band. Inthis case, they are not assigned to the same band necessarily. So theMSAM system 128 can dynamically assign downlink and uplink. This MSAMsystem 128 can assign dynamic FDD pairs, which increases downlinkcapacity through smart radio resource management.

In some embodiments, the MSAM system 128 includes or is software on topof radio network and is providing IP session support for the mobiledevice. The downlink is on one band, uplink could be on 700 locallyavailable or 2 GHz so that in general, downlink is on one end of bandspectrum and uplink on the other end. The downlink could be at a firstcell site and uplink could be at a second cell site because the firstcell site could have the available downlink band and the second cellsite could have the available uplink band. So with two-waycommunication, one line from the BS device to the mobile device thenanother channel from the mobile device to an access point device thenbetween the access point device and the BS device can be an IPconnection. As such, conventional two-way communication has been varied.

The radio access node (RAN) device 502 can implement one or moredifferent radio access technologies. The RAN device 502 can couple themobile device 116 to a core network. In some embodiments, the RAN device502 can be one or more of the mmW BS device 104, 124 and/or a local BSdevice (e.g., local BS device 112).

The MME device 506 can be a control node that provides for idle modemobile device paging and tagging procedure including retransmissions.The MME device 506 can also select the serving gateway (SGW) for amobile device (e.g., mobile device 116) at the initial attach and attime of handover. The MME device 506 can also facilitate authenticationof the mobile device. The MME device 506 can be aware of the MSAM system128 to facilitate one or more operations of the MSAM system 128. Assuch, either the MME device 506 can be coupled to or integrated with theMSAM system 128 and/or communicatively coupled to the MSAM system 128.

The serving gateway 508 can facilitate handovers with neighboring BSdevices. For example, the serving gateway 508 can facilitate inter-BShandover, packet routing and packet forwarding. The PDN gateway 510 canprovide connectivity from the mobile device 116 to the external packetdata networks by being the point of exit and entry of traffic for themobile device. A mobile device (e.g., mobile device 116) can havesimultaneous connectivity with more than one POW for accessing multiplePDNs. The PDN gateway 510 can also act as the anchor for mobilitybetween different network technologies.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example block diagram of a MSAM system employablein the systems of FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and/or 4 to facilitate MSAM inaccordance with one or more embodiments described herein. Repetitivedescription of like elements employed in other embodiments describedherein is omitted for sake of brevity.

The MSAM system 128 can include communication component 500, frequencyband selection component 502, shadow region evaluation component 504,resource assignment component 506, memory 508, processor 410 and/or datastorage 512. In some embodiments, one or more of the communicationcomponent 500, frequency band selection component 502, shadow regionevaluation component 504, resource assignment component 506, memory 508,processor 510 and/or data storage 512 can be electrically and/orcommunicatively coupled to one another to perform one or more functionsof MSAM system.

The communication component 600 can be configured with one or moredifferent interfaces that can facilitate communication between the MSAMsystem 128 and one or more of the BS devices. For example, over the oneor more different interfaces, information can be transmitted and/orreceived to and/or from one or more different types of BS devices (e.g.,mmW BS devices, macro cell BS devices and/or small cell BS devices).Accordingly, in some embodiments, the BS devices can be connected to, orat least communicatively coupled to, the MSAM system 128 in order toreceive information that informs the BS device of a schedule of afrequency to employ for downlink and/or uplink channel communication.

By way of example, but not limitation, the information transmittedand/or received via the one or more different interfaces can includetransmission of scheduling information (e.g., uplink channel assignment,downlink channel assignment), BS selection information (e.g., selectionof a particular BS device for downlink channel communication, selectionof a particular BS device for uplink channel communication), receipt ofBS device resource and/or availability information, or the like. Incases in which the mobile device is located within or is approaching acell site of a small cell BS device that is secured, the informationtransmitted and/or received via the one or more different interfaces canbe authentication and/or identification information for the mobiledevice. In some embodiments, the information can be informationindicative of current or past signal strength, shadow regions, road orhighway trajectories, mobile device trajectories or the like.

The shadow region evaluation component 604 can determine whether line ofsight exists between an mmW BS device and the mobile device and/orevaluate whether one or more structures is likely to or is causing ashadow region. The resource assignment component 606 can determine whichBS devices and/or frequencies are available to service the mobiledevice. The frequency band selection component 602 can determine thefrequency band for use by the mobile device for the uplink channel andfor the downlink channel. The frequency band selection component 602 canalso determine the frequency band to which to switch as the mobiledevice traverses one or more cell sites.

Memory 608 can be a computer-readable storage medium storingcomputer-executable instructions and/or information configured toperform one or more of the functions described herein with reference tothe MSAM system 128. The resource information, BS device identities andcell sites, mobile device identities, shadow region information and thelike can be stored in the data storage 612 and/or otherwise accessibleto the MSAM system 128 over a network (e.g., Internet 512 of FIG. 5).The processor 510 can perform one or more of the functions describedherein with reference to the MSAM system 128.

The MSAM system 128 can evaluate different factors and generateinformation indicative of one or more transmission parameters (e.g.,type of BS device, identity of BS device, frequency band for downlinkchannel, frequency band for uplink channel, power level for downlinkchannel, power level for uplink channel) for a type of access to thenetwork device by the mobile device as described herein.

In some embodiments, a MSAM system 128 can be provided at one or more(or at each) BS device of the systems of FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and/or 4. In someembodiments, the MSAM system 128 can be a core element node, which isincluded as part of the mobility architecture for the system 100, 200,300, 400, 500. In this embodiment, the MSAM system 128 can provide oneor more functions associated with spectrum and/or resource management.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example block diagram of a mobile device for whichMSAM can be provided in accordance with one or more embodimentsdescribed herein. Repetitive description of like elements employed inother embodiments described herein is omitted for sake of brevity.

The mobile device 116 can include communication component 700, (whichcan include downlink communication channel component 706 and uplinkcommunication channel component 704), multi-RF band component 702,application and services component 708, memory 710, processor 712 and/ordata storage 714. In various embodiments, one or more of communicationcomponent 700, (which can include downlink communication channelcomponent 706 and uplink communication channel component 704), multi-RFband component 702, application and services component 708, memory 710,processor 712 and/or data storage 714 can be electrically and/orcommunicatively coupled to one another to perform one or more functionsof mobile device 116.

The communication component 700 can transmit and/or receive informationto and/or from mobile device 116. For example, the information can be arequest for service and/or access to a network, assignment informationfrom a MSAM system regarding one or more resources assigned to themobile device 116 for uplink channel or downlink channel communicationor the like.

The downlink communication channel component 706 can process informationreceived on the downlink (e.g., from the BS device assigned to themobile device by the MSAM system 128). The uplink communication channelcomponent 704 can process information transmitted on the uplink (e.g.,to the BS device assigned to the mobile device by the MSAM system 128).The downlink communication channel component 706 and the uplinkcommunication channel component 704 can be configured to facilitateand/or perform FDD communication for the mobile device 116 as dictatedby the MSAM system 128.

The multi-RF band component 702 can select one or more frequency bandson which to transmit and/or receive information. For example, themulti-RF band component 702 can select a frequency band for downlinkchannel communication such that information can be received on thedownlink channel from an mmW BS device, from a small cell BS deviceoperating on an unlicensed frequency band and/or from a macro cell BSdevice. Application and services component 708 can process and/orexecute instructions to perform one or more operations of an applicationor service requested by or provided to the mobile device 116. Memory 710can be a computer-readable (or machine-readable) storage medium storingcomputer-executable instructions and/or information configured toperform one or more of the functions described herein with reference tothe mobile device 116. The processor 712 can perform one or more of thefunctions described herein with reference to the mobile device 116.

In various embodiments, the mobile device 116 can be or include a smartphone, a laptop, a tablet, a wearable device or any number of differenttypes of devices that can be mobile from time to time.

FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 are flowcharts of methods that facilitate MSAM inaccordance with one or more embodiments described herein. Turning firstto FIG. 8, at 802, method 800 can include determining, by a MSAM systemcomprising a processor, that a mobile device communicatively coupled toa first network device is associated with a region in which the firstnetwork device fails to have line of sight communication with the mobiledevice. For example, the MSAM system can determine that one or moreareas within a cell site correspond to respective regions in which a mmWBS device fails to have line of sight with a mobile device based on thepresence of a structure at a particular location within the cell siterelative to the location of the mmW BS device. In various embodiments,the determination is performed after the mobile device enters theregion. In some embodiments, the determination can be made prior to themobile device entering the region.

In some embodiments, the mobile device performance and/or whether the BSdevice has line of sight communication with the mobile device is basedon information reported to the MSAM system via the mobile device channelquality indicator (CQI) information. In other embodiments, the MSAMsystem can make such determination regarding whether there is line ofsight between the mobile device and the BS device based on any number ofdifferent types of information or reports and/or based, in someembodiments, on information derived or computed or calculated in wholeor in part by the MSAM system itself.

At 804, method 800 can include assigning, by the MSAM system, the mobiledevice to a second network device determined to have line of sightcommunication for the region, wherein the first network device comprisesa mmW BS device employing mmW transmissions. The second device can be adevice that employs mmW communication and has line of sight with theregion or a device that employs communication other than mmWcommunication. Devices that employ communication other than mmWcommunication need not have line of sight with the mobile device withinthe region.

In some embodiments, the assigning comprises assigning of a firstdownlink channel between the second network device and the mobiledevice. The first network device can be configured to communicate withthe mobile device via a second downlink channel.

In some embodiments, the downlink channel is associated with a firstpower and an uplink channel is associated with a second power. The firstpower can be greater than the second power.

In some embodiments, the uplink channel is between the mobile device anda third network device that is different from the first network deviceand the second network device. In some embodiments, the downlink channelprovides communication in an outdoor environment between the mmW BSdevice and the mobile device.

The first downlink channel can be associated with a first radiofrequency band, and the second downlink channel can be associated with asecond radio frequency band. In some embodiments, the first radiofrequency band and the second radio frequency band are non-overlapping.

In some embodiments, assigning the mobile device to the second networkdevice of the network results in a continued session of communicationfor the mobile device in lieu of a session provided via a mmW BS deviceending or being reduced in quality due to lack of line of sight for themmW BS device. Accordingly, a first QoE provided to the mobile deviceprior to the assigning can be substantially the same as a second QoEprovided to the mobile device after the assigning.

In some embodiments, although not shown, method 800 can includedetermining, by the MSAM system comprising a processor, that the mobiledevice communicatively coupled to the second network device is projectedto enter a second region from which the first network device will haveline of sight communication with the mobile device. Although also notshown, method 800 can also include assigning, by the MSAM system, themobile device from the second network device to the first network deviceof the network based on the determining that the mobile devicecommunicatively coupled to the second network device is projected toenter the second region from which the first network device will haveline of sight communication with the mobile device.

Turning now to FIG. 9, at 902, method 900 can include determining that amobile device communicatively coupled to a first network device islocated within a region from which a second network device is configuredto have line of sight communication with the mobile device over adownlink channel. At 904, method 900 can include assigning the mobiledevice to the second network device, wherein handoff is performed fromthe first network device to the second network device based on thedetermining.

In some embodiments, the mobile device is configured to communicatewithin a UHF radio frequency band, which is non-overlapping with afrequency band over which the mmW BS device is configured tocommunicate. In some embodiments, potential and/or actual interferencewithin the UHF band is reduced based on the assigning.

In some embodiments, an uplink channel associated with another BS deviceis provided via a first frequency band and the downlink channel isprovided via a second frequency band. The first frequency band can bedifferent from the second frequency band.

Turning now to FIG. 10, at 1002, method 1000 can include determiningthat a mobile device communicatively coupled to a first network deviceof a first network is projected to enter a coverage area of a secondnetwork device of a second network, wherein the second network device isan access point device, and wherein the first network is a first type ofnetwork that is different from a second type of the second network. At1004, method 1000 can include assigning the mobile device to the secondnetwork device in addition to the first network device. For example, thefirst network device can be configured to provide a first downlinkchannel from the first network device to the second network device andthe second network device can be configured to provide a second downlinkchannel from the second network device to the mobile device.

In some embodiments, the second network device is configured tocommunicate over an unlicensed radio frequency band. In someembodiments, a first QoE prior to the assigning, and while the mobiledevice is communicating with the first network device, is the same as asecond QoE after the assigning of the mobile device to the secondnetwork device so that the QoE is not interrupted or diminished with theassignment to a new BS device.

FIG. 11 illustrates a block diagram of a computer that can be employedin accordance with one or more embodiments. Repetitive description oflike elements employed in other embodiments described herein is omittedfor sake of brevity.

In some embodiments, the computer can be or be included within anynumber of components described herein comprising, but not limited to,mmW BS devices 104, 124, macro cell BS device 112, mobile device 116,small cell BS device 106, MSAM system 128 (or any components of mmW BSdevices 104, 124, macro cell BS device 112, mobile devices 116, smallcell BS device 106, and/or MSAM system 128).

In order to provide additional text for various embodiments describedherein, FIG. 11 and the following discussion are intended to provide abrief, general description of a suitable computing environment 1100 inwhich the various embodiments of the embodiment described herein can beimplemented. While the embodiments have been described above in thegeneral context of computer-executable instructions that can run on oneor more computers, those skilled in the art will recognize that theembodiments can be also implemented in combination with other programmodules and/or as a combination of hardware and software.

Generally, program modules comprise routines, programs, components, datastructures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particularabstract data types. Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciatethat the inventive methods can be practiced with other computer systemconfigurations, comprising single-processor or multiprocessor computersystems, minicomputers, mainframe computers, as well as personalcomputers, hand-held computing devices, microprocessor-based orprogrammable consumer electronics, and the like, each of which can beoperatively coupled to one or more associated devices.

The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” and so forth, as used in theclaims, unless otherwise clear by context, is for clarity only anddoesn't otherwise indicate or imply any order in time. For instance, “afirst determination,” “a second determination,” and “a thirddetermination,” does not indicate or imply that the first determinationis to be made before the second determination, or vice versa, etc.

The illustrated embodiments of the embodiments herein can be alsopracticed in distributed computing environments where certain tasks areperformed by remote processing devices that are linked through acommunications network. In a distributed computing environment, programmodules can be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.

Computing devices typically comprise a variety of media, which caninclude computer-readable (or machine-readable) storage media and/orcommunications media, which two terms are used herein differently fromone another as follows. Computer-readable (or machine-readable) storagemedia can be any available storage media that can be accessed by thecomputer (or a machine, device or apparatus) and includes both volatileand nonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way ofexample, and not limitation, computer-readable (or machine-readable)storage media can be implemented in connection with any method ortechnology for storage of information such as computer-readable (ormachine-readable) instructions, program modules, structured data orunstructured data. Tangible and/or non-transitory computer-readable (ormachine-readable) storage media can include, but are not limited to,random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), electricallyerasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or othermemory technology, compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), digitalversatile disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes,magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage, other magnetic storage devicesand/or other media that can be used to store desired information.Computer-readable (or machine-readable) storage media can be accessed byone or more local or remote computing devices, e.g., via accessrequests, queries or other data retrieval protocols, for a variety ofoperations with respect to the information stored by the medium.

In this regard, the term “tangible” herein as applied to storage, memoryor computer-readable (or machine-readable) media, is to be understood toexclude only propagating intangible signals per se as a modifier anddoes not relinquish coverage of all standard storage, memory orcomputer-readable (or machine-readable) media that are not onlypropagating intangible signals per se.

In this regard, the term “non-transitory” herein as applied to storage,memory or computer-readable (or machine-readable) media, is to beunderstood to exclude only propagating transitory signals per se as amodifier and does not relinquish coverage of all standard storage,memory or computer-readable (or machine-readable) media that are notonly propagating transitory signals per se.

Communications media typically embody computer-readable (ormachine-readable) instructions, data structures, program modules orother structured or unstructured data in a data signal such as amodulated data signal, e.g., a channel wave or other transportmechanism, and includes any information delivery or transport media. Theterm “modulated data signal” or signals refers to a signal that has oneor more of its characteristics set or changed in such a manner as toencode information in one or more signals. By way of example, and notlimitation, communication media include wired media, such as a wirednetwork or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic,RF, infrared and other wireless media.

With reference again to FIG. 11, the example environment 1100 forimplementing various embodiments of the embodiments described hereinincludes a computer 1102, the computer 1102 including a processing unit1104, a system memory 1106 and a system bus 1108. The system bus 1108couples system components including, but not limited to, the systemmemory 1106 to the processing unit 1104. The processing unit 1104 can beany of various commercially available processors. Dual microprocessorsand other multi-processor architectures can also be employed as theprocessing unit 1104.

The system bus 1108 can be any of several types of bus structure thatcan further interconnect to a memory bus (with or without a memorycontroller), a peripheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety ofcommercially available bus architectures. The system memory 1106includes ROM 1110 and RAM 1112. A basic input/output system (BIOS) canbe stored in a non-volatile memory such as ROM, erasable programmableread only memory (EPROM), EEPROM, which BIOS contains the basic routinesthat help to transfer information between elements within the computer1102, such as during startup. The RAM 1112 can also include a high-speedRAM such as static RAM for caching data.

The computer 1102 further includes an internal hard disk drive (HDD)1110 (e.g., EIDE, SATA), which internal hard disk drive 1114 can also beconfigured for external use in a suitable chassis (not shown), amagnetic floppy disk drive 1116, (e.g., to read from or write to aremovable diskette 1118) and an optical disk drive 1120, (e.g., readinga CD-ROM disk 1122 or, to read from or write to other high capacityoptical media such as the DVD). The hard disk drive 1114, magnetic diskdrive 1116 and optical disk drive 1120 can be connected to the systembus 1108 by a hard disk drive interface 1124, a magnetic disk driveinterface 1126 and an optical drive interface, respectively. Theinterface 1124 for external drive implementations includes at least oneor both of Universal Serial Bus (USB) and Institute of Electrical andElectronics Engineers (IEEE) 1394 interface technologies. Other externaldrive connection technologies are within contemplation of theembodiments described herein.

The drives and their associated computer-readable (or machine-readable)storage media provide nonvolatile storage of data, data structures,computer-executable instructions, and so forth. For the computer 1102,the drives and storage media accommodate the storage of any data in asuitable digital format. Although the description of computer-readable(or machine-readable) storage media above refers to a hard disk drive(HDD), a removable magnetic diskette, and a removable optical media suchas a CD or DVD, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the artthat other types of storage media which are readable by a computer, suchas zip drives, magnetic cassettes, flash memory cards, cartridges, andthe like, can also be used in the example operating environment, andfurther, that any such storage media can contain computer-executableinstructions for performing the methods described herein.

A number of program modules can be stored in the drives and RAM 1112,including an operating system 1130, one or more application programs1132, other program modules 1134 and program data 1136. All or portionsof the operating system, applications, modules, and/or data can also becached in the RAM 1112. The systems and methods described herein can beimplemented utilizing various commercially available operating systemsor combinations of operating systems.

A communication device can enter commands and information into thecomputer 1102 through one or more wired/wireless input devices, e.g., akeyboard 1138 and a pointing device, such as a mouse 1140. Other inputdevices (not shown) can include a microphone, an infrared (IR) remotecontrol, a joystick, a game pad, a stylus pen, touch screen or the like.These and other input devices are often connected to the processing unit1104 through an input device interface 1142 that can be coupled to thesystem bus 1108, but can be connected by other interfaces, such as aparallel port, an IEEE 1394 serial port, a game port, a universal serialbus (USB) port, an IR interface, etc.

A monitor 1144 or other type of display device can be also connected tothe system bus 1108 via an interface, such as a video adapter 1146. Inaddition to the monitor 1144, a computer typically includes otherperipheral output devices (not shown), such as speakers, printers, etc.

The computer 1102 can operate in a networked environment using logicalconnections via wired and/or wireless communications to one or moreremote computers, such as a remote computer(s) 1148. The remotecomputer(s) 1148 can be a workstation, a server computer, a router, apersonal computer, portable computer, microprocessor-based entertainmentappliance, a peer device or other common network node, and typicallyincludes many or all of the elements described relative to the computer1102, although, for purposes of brevity, only a memory/storage device1150 is illustrated. The logical connections depicted includewired/wireless connectivity to a local area network (LAN) 1152 and/orlarger networks, e.g., a wide area network (WAN) 1154. Such LAN and WANnetworking environments are commonplace in offices and companies, andfacilitate enterprise-wide computer networks, such as intranets, all ofwhich can connect to a global communications network, e.g., theInternet.

When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer 1102 can beconnected to the local network 1152 through a wired and/or wirelesscommunication network interface or adapter 1156. The adapter 1156 canfacilitate wired or wireless communication to the LAN 1152, which canalso include a wireless AP disposed thereon for communicating with thewireless adapter 1156.

When used in a WAN networking environment, the computer 1102 can includea modem 1158 or can be connected to a communications server on the WAN1154 or has other means for establishing communications over the WAN1154, such as by way of the Internet. The modem 1158, which can beinternal or external and a wired or wireless device, can be connected tothe system bus 1108 via the input device interface 1142. In a networkedenvironment, program modules depicted relative to the computer 1102 orportions thereof, can be stored in the remote memory/storage device1150. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown areexample and other means of establishing a communications link betweenthe computers can be used.

The computer 1102 can be operable to communicate with any wirelessdevices or entities operatively disposed in wireless communication,e.g., a printer, scanner, desktop and/or portable computer, portabledata assistant, communications satellite, any piece of equipment orlocation associated with a wirelessly detectable tag (e.g., a kiosk,news stand, restroom), and telephone. This can include Wireless Fidelity(Wi-Fi) and BLUETOOTH® wireless technologies. Thus, the communicationcan be a defined structure as with a conventional network or simply anad hoc communication between at least two devices.

Wi-Fi can allow connection to the Internet from a couch at home, a bedin a hotel room or a conference room at work, without wires. Wi-Fi is awireless technology similar to that used in a cell phone that enablessuch devices, e.g., computers, to send and receive data indoors and out;anywhere within the range of a femto cell device. Wi-Fi networks useradio technologies called IEEE 802.11 (a, b, g, n, etc.) to providesecure, reliable, fast wireless connectivity. A Wi-Fi network can beused to connect computers to each other, to the Internet, and to wirednetworks (which can use IEEE 802.3 or Ethernet). Wi-Fi networks operatein the unlicensed 2.4 and 5 GHz radio bands, at an 11 Mbps (802.11a) or54 Mbps (802.11b) data rate, for example or with products that containboth bands (dual band), so the networks can provide real-worldperformance similar to the basic 10 Base T wired Ethernet networks usedin many offices.

The embodiments described herein can employ artificial intelligence (AI)to facilitate automating one or more features described herein. Theembodiments (e.g., in connection with automatically identifying acquiredcell sites that provide a maximum value/benefit after addition to anexisting communication network) can employ various AI-based schemes forcarrying out various embodiments thereof. Moreover, the classifier canbe employed to determine a ranking or priority of each cell site of anacquired network. A classifier is a function that maps an inputattribute vector, x=(x1, x2, x3, x4, . . . , xn), to a confidence thatthe input belongs to a class, that is, f(x)=confidence(class). Suchclassification can employ a probabilistic and/or statistical-basedanalysis (e.g., factoring into the analysis utilities and costs) toprognose or infer an action that a communication device desires to beautomatically performed. A support vector machine (SVM) is an example ofa classifier that can be employed. The SVM operates by finding ahypersurface in the space of possible inputs, which the hypersurfaceattempts to split the triggering criteria from the non-triggeringevents. Intuitively, this makes the classification correct for testingdata that is near, but not identical to training data. Other directedand undirected model classification approaches include, e.g., naïveBayes, Bayesian networks, decision trees, neural networks, fuzzy logicmodels, and probabilistic classification models providing differentpatterns of independence can be employed. Classification as used hereinalso is inclusive of statistical regression that is utilized to developmodels of priority.

As will be readily appreciated, one or more of the embodiments canemploy classifiers that are explicitly trained (e.g., via a generictraining data) as well as implicitly trained (e.g., via observingcommunication device behavior, operator preferences, historicalinformation, receiving extrinsic information). For example, SVMs can beconfigured via a learning or training phase within a classifierconstructor and feature selection module. Thus, the classifier(s) can beused to automatically learn and perform a number of functions, includingbut not limited to determining according to a predetermined criteriawhich of the acquired cell sites will benefit a maximum number ofsubscribers and/or which of the acquired cell sites will add minimumvalue to the existing communication network coverage, etc.

As employed herein, the term “processor” can refer to substantially anycomputing processing unit or device including, but not limited toincluding, single-core processors; single-processors with softwaremultithread execution capability; multi-core processors; multi-coreprocessors with software multithread execution capability; multi-coreprocessors with hardware multithread technology; parallel platforms; andparallel platforms with distributed shared memory. Additionally, aprocessor can refer to an integrated circuit, an application specificintegrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a fieldprogrammable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic controller (PLC), acomplex programmable logic device (CPLD), a discrete gate or transistorlogic, discrete hardware components or any combination thereof designedto perform the functions described herein. Processors can exploitnano-scale architectures such as, but not limited to, molecular andquantum-dot based transistors, switches and gates, in order to optimizespace usage or enhance performance of communication device equipment. Aprocessor can also be implemented as a combination of computingprocessing units.

As used herein, terms such as “data storage,” “database,” andsubstantially any other information storage component relevant tooperation and functionality of a component, refer to “memorycomponents,” or entities embodied in a “memory” or components includingthe memory. It will be appreciated that the memory components orcomputer-readable (or machine-readable) storage media, described hereincan be either volatile memory or nonvolatile memory or can include bothvolatile and nonvolatile memory.

Memory disclosed herein can include volatile memory or nonvolatilememory or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. By way ofillustration, and not limitation, nonvolatile memory can include readonly memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmableROM (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM) or flash memory.Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM), which acts asexternal cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM isavailable in many forms such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM),synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhancedSDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM).The memory (e.g., data storages, databases) of the embodiments areintended to include, without being limited to, these and any othersuitable types of memory.

What has been described above includes mere examples of variousembodiments. It is, of course, not possible to describe everyconceivable combination of components or methodologies for purposes ofdescribing these examples, but one of ordinary skill in the art canrecognize that many further combinations and permutations of the presentembodiments are possible. Accordingly, the embodiments disclosed and/orclaimed herein are intended to embrace all such alterations,modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and scope ofthe appended claims. Furthermore, to the extent that the term “includes”is used in either the detailed description or the claims, such term isintended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term “comprising” as“comprising” is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in aclaim.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method, comprising: assigning, by a mobileservice anchor management system comprising a processor, a firstdownlink channel between network equipment and the mobile device;managing, by the mobile service anchor management system, communicationsbetween a millimeter wave base station configured to communicate atfrequencies of communications in a range from 30 gigahertz to 300gigahertz and a mobile device; and providing, by the mobile serviceanchor management system, offloading for other base stations other thanthe millimeter wave base station.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein theproviding of the offloading comprises providing the offloading for abase station associated with an unlicensed spectrum.
 3. The method ofclaim 2, wherein the first downlink channel is associated with a firstpower, an uplink channel via which the mobile device communicates isassociated with a second power, and the first power is greater than thesecond power.
 4. The method of claim 2, wherein the first downlinkchannel is associated with a first radio frequency band, and a seconddownlink channel is associated with a second radio frequency band. 5.The method of claim 4, wherein the first radio frequency band and thesecond radio frequency band are non-overlapping.
 6. The method of claim4, wherein the network equipment is first network equipment, and whereinthe mobile device communicates with the first network equipment via thefirst downlink channel, and communicates with second network equipmentvia the second downlink channel.
 7. The method of claim 6, wherein thefirst downlink channel and the second downlink channel are separate froman uplink channel via which the mobile device communicates.
 8. Themethod of claim 6, wherein the second downlink channel enables thecommunication in an outdoor environment between the millimeter wave basestation and the mobile device.
 9. The method of claim 6, wherein themillimeter wave base station is a first millimeter wave base station,and wherein the second network equipment is a second millimeter wavebase station that employs millimeter wave transmissions, andcommunicates at the frequencies in the range from 30 gigahertz to 300gigahertz with wavelengths ranging from 1 millimeter to 10 millimeters.10. The method of claim 6, wherein the second network equipment is otherthan the millimeter wave base station.
 11. The method of claim 10,wherein the second network equipment employs transmissions other thanmillimeter wave transmissions.
 12. A system, comprising: a processor;and a memory that stores executable instructions that, when executed bythe processor, facilitate performance of operations, comprising:managing communications between a device and millimeter wave basestation equipment configured to communicate at frequencies ofcommunications in a range from about 30 gigahertz to about 300gigahertz; and enabling offloading for other base station equipmentother than the millimeter wave base station equipment, wherein thedevice is configured to communicate within an ultra high frequency radiofrequency band.
 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the ultra highfrequency radio frequency band, is non-overlapping with a frequency bandwithin which the millimeter wave base station equipment is configured tocommunicate.
 14. The system of claim 12, wherein the millimeter wavebase station equipment is first base station equipment and a wavelengthof the millimeter wave base station equipment is 10 millimeters (mm) to1 mm.
 15. The system of claim 14, wherein an uplink channel associatedwith second base station equipment is enabled using a defined frequencyband.
 16. The system of claim 12, wherein a downlink channel for thedevice is associated with a first power, an uplink channel for thedevice is associated with a second power, and the first power is greaterthan the second power.
 17. A non-transitory machine-readable medium,comprising executable instructions that, when executed by a processor,facilitate performance of operations, comprising: managingcommunications between a millimeter wave base station device configuredto communicate at defined communication frequencies and a mobile device;and facilitating offloading for other base station devices other thanthe millimeter wave base station device, wherein a downlink channel forthe mobile device is associated with a first power, and wherein anuplink channel for the mobile device is associated with a second power.18. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 17, wherein themobile device is configured to communicate using an ultra high frequencyradio frequency band, and wherein the ultra high frequency radiofrequency band is non-overlapping with a frequency band via which themillimeter wave base station device is configured to communicate. 19.The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 17, wherein themillimeter wave base station device is a first base station device, andformation of an uplink channel associated with a second base stationdevice is facilitated via a defined frequency band.
 20. Thenon-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 17, wherein the firstpower is greater than the second power.